Technology & Information Systems

Alhamdulillah ... ...
On January 10, 2010 is the first week of classes of subject Technology & Information Systems. Edition of the introduction of this subject has been given by our lecturer Ms Sharin Hazlin Huspi. Our class was the first title: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, THE INTERNET & You.

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Under this topic we will set about:

1. Understand five parts of an information system: people, procedures, software, hardware, and data.

2. Distinguish between system software and application software.

3. Discuss the three kinds of system software programs.

4. Distinguish between basic and specialized application software.

4. Identify the four types of computers and the four type of microcomputers

Outcome from the study of this chapter are:

1. the different types of computer hardware including the system unit, input/output, secondary storage, and communication devices.

2.Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and presentation files.

3. Explain computer connectivity, the Wireless revolution, the Internet, and the Web.

Introduction

 Technological changes that occurred mainly in the field of IT has changed the activities in the world. Every country racing to ensure that citizens are not left behind in development of IT.

Now a days , it has become a necessity to every people in the world in their daily activities. It has become a trend needs in:Dictionary - View detailed dictionary

1. noun
1. result
2. revenue
3. yield
4. proceeds
5. outcome
6. product
7. produce
8. output
9. production
10. fruit
11. crop
12. performance
13. effect
14. payoff
15. outgrowth
16. upshot
17. progress
18. issue
19. picking
20. fruitage
21. takings
22. triumph
23. outturn
24. ramifications

Ø  Computer competency refers to acquiring computer-related skills

Ø  Microcomputers are common tools in all areas of life

Ø  Web courses are popular for people who are homebound or work odd hours

Ø  New ways to communicate, to find people with similar interests, and to buy goods are available

Listen

Read phonetically             Technological changes that occurred mainly in the field of IT has changed the activities in the world. Every country racing to ensure that citizens are not left behind in development of IT.Listen

Read phonetically

Nowdays, it has become a necessity to every people in the world in their daily activities. It has become a trend needs in:

• Computer competency refers to acquiring computer-related skills
•  Microcomputers are common tools in all areas of life
•  Web courses are popular for people who are homebound or work odd hours
•   New ways to communicate, to find people with similar interests, and to buy goods are available

1.        People

Represents the most important part in all systems, especially IT. Contac be in direct (eg e-learning.utm.my) or indirect (google.com). And they are uses this system for all activities such as:

a. Business & Entertainment

b. Education & Medicine

2.        Procedures

Represents a rule or a step that must be observed and followed. It is very necessary because it likened as there is no software, no hardware. What is wanted here is to what extent the importance of making a hardware to software, to the extent that the importance procedures the IT system.

3.        Software

Software is another name for programs. There are 2 major kinds of software:

◦ System Software

 is computer software designed to operate the computer hardware and to provide maintain a platform for running application software. The operating system (prominent examples being Microsoft Windows(most commonly use in Malaysia),Mac OSX an Linux), which allows the parts of a computer to work together by performing tasks like transferring data between memory and disk or rendering output onto a display device. It also provides a platform to run high-level system software and application sofware. As  Listenan example of system software that Apple uses the concept of “drop and drop” is a system that offers a difference to consumers, and it is not suitable for the beginners in using this software.Dictionary - View detailed dictionary

◦ Application Software

Ø    Also called end-user software, which mean is computer software designed to help the user to perform singular or multiple related specific tasks. It helps to solve problems in the real world. Examples include enterprise software,accounting software,office suites, graphics software, and media players. It has been divided into 2 major categories:

1. Basic application

Ø    These applications generally include software for word processing, spreadsheets, presentation software, graphics software, and software to create Websites and HTML documents, such as Frontpage and Dreamweaver.

2. Specialized application

Ø     Specialized software is software that is written for a specific task rather for a broad application area. These programs provide facilities specifically for the purpose for which they were designed.

4.       Hardware

Hardware, in the computer world, refers to the physical components that make up a computer system. There are many different kinds of hardware that can be installed inside, and connected to the outside, of a computer. Common hardware inside a computer is motherboard and CPU.

There are also many types of computers:

·         Supercomputers

-use as server. Operating system is using the old pattern and difficult type of English.

·         Mainframe computers

-same function with Supercomputers

·         Minicomputers (also

-known as mid-range computers)

·         Microcomputers

-most commonly use bt user.

Microcomputer Types

•           Desktop
•           Media center system units
•           Notebook or laptop
•           Netbooks
•           Tablet PC
•           Handheld

A.      Desktop Computers

• Desktop computers are small enough to fit on top of or alongside a desk yet are too big

to carry around.

B.      Media Center System Units

•  Media center system units blur the line between desktop computers and dedicated entertainment devices. This is sound system to use in all types of audio like DVD,VCD and etc.

C.      Notebook or Laptop Computers

• Notebook computers, also known as laptop computers, are portable,lightweight, and fit into most briefcases

D.     Tablet PC

·         A tablet PC is a type of notebook computer that accepts your handwriting. This input is

digitized and converted to standard text that can be further processed by programs

such as a word processor. Full functioning like PC.

E.      Handheld

• Are the smallest and are also known as palm computers. These systems typically combine pen input, writing recognition, personal organizational tools, and communications capabilities.
• Personal digital assistants (PDA’s) are the most widely used handheld computer

F.       Netbook

Like Laptops, but not suitable for student use as a netbook system is not enough or capable of handling heavy items, except for simple type of use because netbook is:

Ø  Smaller

Ø  Lighter

Ø  Less expensive

Microcomputer Hardware

Four basic categories of equipment:

•     System Unit
•   ◦Input/output
•     Secondary Storage
•    Communication

1. System Unit

Two important components:

          ü  ◦ Microprocessor

          ü  ◦ Memory

2. Input/Output Devices

• Common input devices are the keyboard and the mouse.
• Common output devices are printers and monitors.

3. Secondary Storage

v Unlike memory, secondary storage holds data and programs even if electrical power is not available.

v The most important types of secondary media are hard disks, solid-state storage, and optical disks.

4. Communication

v  Communication Devices provide microcomputers with the ability to communicate with other computer systems across the globe.

o    The modem is the most widely used communication device e.g streamyx

o    Modems modify telephone communications intoa form that can be processed by a computer

o    Modems also modify computer output into a form that can be transmitted across standard telephone lines

5. Data

-must be process before it become an information, e.g SPSS software for research.

v  -Raw, unprocessed facts

v  -Processed data becomes information

v  -Stored electronically in files

o     Document files -e.g Word.

o     Worksheet files

•  SPSS, Excel (because all calsulation that involve is already inside the application and user only have to choose which they want to)

o     Database files

• Presentation files (e.g Microsoft Access). For presentation, graphical aspect the most important that Apple use to give the better service for the customers. They are the best in this kind of software provide (example nice animation better than Microsoft Word)

Document Files

• Created by word processors to save documents such as memos, term papers, and letters.

Worksheet Files

• Created by electronic spreadsheets to analyse things like budgets and to predict sales.

Database Files

• Typically created by database management programs to contain highly structured and organized data.

Presentation Files

•  Created by presentation graphics programs to save presentation materials. For example, a file might contain audience handouts, speaker notes, and electronic slides.