SYSTEM UNITS (SYSTEM CHASSIS)

In this chapter we explained about components in system units that is system board, microprocessor , memory and other component that relates to the mainboard. For better understanding of the function of each components there are some word that we need to know that is:

1) Binary system(bit) – consist of only 2 digits- 0 and 1 is the language that can be understand by the computer represent numbers, letters, and special characters, bits are combined into groups of eight called bytes. For example a 64-bit-word computer can access 8 bytes at the time means that hardware states bits to determine how fast the hardware can process!!

SYSTEM BOARD (MOTHERBOARD)

Control communications for the entire computer system and acts as a data path and traffic monitor allowing the various components to communicate efficiently with one another. It covered with a variety of different electronic components including sockets, chips, slots and bus lines

In Malaysia, GIGABYTE and ASUS is the name thats competes in providing better motherboard and two most popular type for home common computer user is AMD mainboard for AMD processor and INTEL Socket mainboard for Intel Processor.

ASUS CROSSHAIR IV EXT for AMD processor

SATA DISK

MICROPROCESSOR (CPU)

Microprocessor Chips

Microprocessor works as the brain of the computer that has two basic component; 1) control unit and the arithmetic-logic unit. Word(number of bits) determine how fast computer can process in one time.The processing speed of microprocessor is typically represented by its clock speed which related to number of times the CPU can fetch and process data or instruction in a second.

EXAMPLE : PHENOM II AM3 X6 1090T

PHENOM II AM3 X6 1090T(Product name)
3.60GHz(Clock Speed)
64bits(words)
RM860(price)

In Malaysia two products that compete most are AMD Processor with AMD Phenom II X6 as their latest products and INTEL Processor with Intel Core I7.There are also other speciality processor like Coprocessor ; speciality chips design to improve specific computing operation Smart Card and RFID Tags.

MEMORY

Holding area of data, information and instruction.There are three well known type of memory that is :

Random-access memory(RAM) – chips hold the program and data that CPU is presently processing.Cache improves processing by acting as temporary holding area. In Market there are 3 type of memory that is desktop memory (consist of 512MB, 1GB, 2GB, and 4GB), Dual channel memory( 4GB) and triple channel memory ( 6GB)

Read-only Memory ( ROM) – Have information stored in them by the manufacturer that is not volatile and cannot be chaged by the user.But there are also ROM that can erased and reprogramed multiple time that is EPROM and EEPROM but the capabilities is still low.

Flash Memory – Offers a combination of the features of RAM and ROM

BUS LINES AND PORTS

Used to connects the parts of the CPU to each other.It has two basic categories of buses that is system bus (connect CPU to memory on system board) and expansion buses(connect CPU to other components on system board) The principle type for expansion buses lines are :

1) Pheripheral component interconnect (PCI)

2) Universal Serial Buses (USB) – Connects USB ports to CPU

3) FireWire Buses – Connect firewire ports to CPU

4) Serial Advanced Technology Attachment ( SATA) – Connect high-speed storage device to the system board

5) PCI express(PCIe)

For Ports it divided into 3 type of ports that is standart port (VGA Ports, USB Ports, FireWire Ports and Ethernet Ports) Specialized Ports and Legacy Ports( Serial Ports, Parallel ports, Keyboard and mouse Ports and Infrared Data Association(IrDA) ports .

BUILD YOUR OWN PC 2...